Science

UNIT 11: MODERN AGE

1) When did Modern Age start? When did it finish? Why?

It started in 1492 with the discovery of the Americas and it finished in 1789 with the French Revolution.

2) What was the main characteristic of Modern Age?

It was a time of discovery.

3) How was the Iberian Peninsula divided during Middle Ages?

It was divided into Christian kingdoms and the Muslim territory.

4) Who married in 1469?

Isabel I of Castilla and Fernando II of Aragón

5) What happened in 1492 in the Peninsula?

Fernando and Isabel defeated the Muslims in Granada.

6) What did the Pope do in recognition to them?

The Pope gave the title Reyes Católicos.

7) Who had the power in Modern Age in Europe? What was this called?

The monarchs had absolute power.

8) What did the Reyes Católicos take control of when they unified the country?

They took control of the army, economy and government.

9) What was the main change in the way of travelling to Asia from Middle Ages to Modern Age?

In Middle Ages, people made long journeys across Europe by land and in Modern Age they preferred ocean expeditions because it was much faster.

10) What did Cristopher Columbus want?

He wanted to find a new sea route to Asia across the Atlantic Ocean.

11) How did other navigators sail?

They sailed around the coast of Africa.

12) What was the name of the three caravels that Columbus used?

Pinta, Niña and Santa María.

13) When and where did his journey start?

It started on the 3^rd August 1492 in Palos (Huelva).

14) When and where did his journey finish?

It finished on the 12^th October 1492 in San Salvador (Bahamas).

15) Was Colombus conscious that he had discovered a new continent?

No, he died without knowing he had discovered a new continent.

16) Who were the three sectors that were more benefited by the discovery of the Americas?

Ship-building industry, craftworkers and farmers.

17) What products did Spain export?

Spain exported goods such as cloth, wool, leather, flour, cereals, oil and wine.

18) What products did Spain import?

Spain imported fruit, vegetables, gold and silver.

19) How did Spain became in this period?

Spain became the most powerful country in Europe.

20) Who inherited the throne of the Reyes Católicos?

Carlos I, their grandson, inherited it.

21) What dynasty did he start in Spain?

He started the Habsburg dynasty.

22) What did he inherit from his grandfather Maximiliano?

He inherited the Holy Roman Empire.

23) What was the main conflict he had to fight against? What was the final consequence?

Many people believed that the Church had to change. The German, Luther, protested about the Church and his ideas spread. His followers were the Protestants. This division caused serious conflicts over religion.

24) How did he divide his empire?

He divided it into two kingdoms: the German Empire to his brother Fernando and the Spanish Empire to his son Felipe II.

25) Where did Felipe II establish the Royal Court?

Felipe II established it in Madrid.

26) What new territory did he conquer?

He conquered Portugal.

27) What was one of the main conflicts he had to fight against?

He had to fight against the Turkish because they wanted to control the Mediterranean Sea. They won the Battle of Lepanto.

28) Copy on your notebook the timeline with the different monarchs in Spain in Modern Age that appears at the bottom of pages 124 and 125 in your book.

Carlos I

Felipe II

Felipe III

Felipe IV

Carlos II

Felipe V

Fernando VI

Carlos III

Carlos IV

  1516          1556             1598        1621          1665           1700             1746             1759        1788           1808

29) Who reigned after Felipe II?

Felipe III, Felipe IV and Carlos II.

30) What was the main conflict in the 17^th century? Explain it.

The Thirty Years War. Spain lost territories in Europe and had to pay big amounts of money to the soldiers and also to people involved in the administration of the Empire.

31) What happened to the amount of gold in that century?

It decreased.

32) Why did pirates attack the Spanish ships?

To stop them on the way back from the Americas to Spain supported by France and England.

33) Why did population in that period decrease?

Population decreased because they died in the wars and because of famine and plagues.

34) What did people do to find a better life?

Many people emigrated to the Americas for a better life.

35) What happened with Muslim populations in Spain in that period?

Muslim population increased and they were successful becoming more powerful. Spanish people wanted to expel the Muslims from Spain separating children from their parents.

36) How did the Habsburg dynasty in Spain end and when?

It ended in 1700 when Carlos II died without an heir.

THE GOLDEN AGE

·         A time when many great works of art and literature were produced and many beautiful buildings and squares were built (Plaza Mayor in Salamanca)

·         Famous painters:

a)      Diego Rodríguez de Silva y Velázquez: Las Meninas

b)     Bartolomé Esteban Murillo: Beggar Boys Eating Grapes and Melon (Niños comiendo uvas y melón)

SPAIN IN THE XVIII

·         Two families claimed the throne:

a)      French Bourbons

b)      Austrian Habsburgs

This developed into the Spanish War of Succession (1701-1714). Finally, Felipe V became the king of Spain (Bourbon dynasty). However, we lost more territories: Netherlands for Austria and Gibraltar and Menorca for the British.

·         Bourbon kings: Felipe V, Fernando VI, Carlos III and Carlos IV. They wanted absolute monarchy but it was a time of many political and social changes. Economy improved and population increased.

·         With Felipe V, there was a single state but divided into provinces.

·         Carlos III and Carlos IV, did a lot to modernise Spain transforming cities in safer and healthier places (water systems, street lighting, pavements, hospitals, museums, botanical gardens, fountains, monuments..).

·         Enlightenment: period of cultural changes. Reason vs. religion and leaders. People believed they could improve their lives through education and politics.

UNIT 6: HISTORY

Medieval Trivial questions: 
Investigate and look for the correct answers


1. Which Berber general invaded the Visigothic Kingdom in 711 C,E,?
a) Tariq Ibn Ziyad       b)  Boabdil Al-Zubagi        c) Ibn Tumart


2. Who was the last king of the Visigothic Kingdom in Spain?
a) Alaric      b) Roderic   c) Frederic


3. Which Christian leader won the battle of Covadonga in 722C.E.?
a) Don Pelayo   b) Don Carlos c) Don Juan

4. Where did Abderramán III build his palace city of Madinat Al-Zahra?
a) Near Sevilla b)  Near Granada c) Near Córdoba

5. Which famous Arab philosopher was born in Córdoba in 1126?
a) Avicenna  b) Ibn Hazm c) Averroes

6. Which Christian saint is hanoured in the city of Santiago de Compostela?
a) Saint James  b) Saint Peter   c) Saint John 

7. Isabel I was the Queen of Castile and León. What year was she born?
a) 1415        b) 1451     c) 1541

8. The Nasrids were a dynasty of Muslim Kings in Al-Andalus. Where was their kingdom?
a) Valencia     b) Granada     c) Badajoz

9. El Cid Campeador was a hero of the Christian Reconquest. What was his real name?
a) Diego Lainez    b) Ramón Berenguer    c) Rodrigo Díaz

10. The church of Santa María La Blanca in Toledo was built in 1180 C. E. as......
a) a synagogue     b) a monastery   c) a convent 




Middle Ages in the Western Empire

In the beginning of Middle Ages:

After Charlemagne died, each part of the empire started fighting. People couldn't travel because roads were dangerous, so they decided to move from the cities to the countryside.

With each city and state fighting each other, "feudalism" grew out of the chaos to order the situation. It was a social and economic system  based on a pyramid of vassals where everyone served someone above them. A vassal was someone who served. 

The different members of the feudal pyramid were the King, the Nobles and the Clergy (Church officials), the knights and the rest of vassals and finally the peasants that could be free men working for protection and food or serfs (slaves).

Another characteristic is the importance of Catholic religion in that period and the importance of the clergy. 

The systerm worked as follows:

In the 13th century:

Cities became again prosperous and big. Cities were built with narrow streets and buildings closely together and behind walls to protect them. 

People living in the cities were nobles, bishops, craftmen, artisans, merchants, but also poor people and beggars.

Revival of trade in this period, so they started creating markets and fairs to buy and sell products.

Importance of cathedrals in this period. 

Middle Ages: Christianism
The Middle Ages began in the 5th century C.E. and ended in the 15th century. During this time, Christianity became the main religion  in the old Roman territories. A new religion, Islam, also appeared during the Middle Ages.

In the 9th century, there were two Christian empires on the coasts of the Mediterranean Sea - the Carolingian and Byzantine empires. There were also Islamic empires, called caliphates.

The Carolingian Empire:
After the fall of Rome, the Western Empire was divided into smaller kingdoms. Charlemagne was the head of the Frankish kingdom, whih became one of the most important kingdoms in Europe.
Charlomagne expanded his kingdom and established a new empire that included part of the old Western Roman territories. The emperor's capital city was Aquisgranum (Aachen), in modern-day Germany. 
In the Carolingian Empire, people spoke Latin, but they followed many traditional Germanic customs. The state religion was Christianity and the head of the church was the Pope in Rome.

The Byzantine Empire:
The capital city of the Eastern Roman Empire was Constantinople -the ancient city of Byzantium, which is Istanbul today. The Eastern Empire survived longer than the Western Empire because it resisted the attacks of invaders. The Byzantine Empire didn't fall until 1453, when it was conquered by the Ottoman Turks.
The most important Byzantine emperor was Justinian, who lived in the 6th century . The Byzantines spoke Greek but they kept many customs from Roman times. The Byzantines were Christians, but the Pope was not the head of their church.
Today, the Byzantine Empire is famous for its beautiful works of art, including religious mosaics and icons. We can also see churches, like Hagia Sophia in Istanbul. It was the Emperor Justinian's most famous building project. 

Middle Ages: Islamism
Islam is a religion that began on the Arabian peninsula in the 7th century. The followers of Islam are called Muslims and they follow the teachings of the prophet Muhammad (Mohammed). Muslims believe in one god, Allah, and their sacred book is the Koran.
During the Middle Ages, Muslims formed a great civilization with its own laws, customs and art forms. Most people spoke Arabic. There were also Muslims empires called caliphates, ruled by leaders called caliphs.

Beginning of Middle Ages


The Roman Empire became too large and difficult to control, so it was divided into two parts:
* Rome became the capital of the Western Roman Empire.
* Constantinople became the capital city of the Eastern Roman Empire.
Some groups of people lived outside the borders of the Roman Empire. The Romans called these people "barbarians". Many barbarians moved into roman territory during the Middle Ages. Some were peaceful immigrants, but others wanted to conquer Roman lands.

In 476 A.D., the city of Rome was invaded by barbarians. That  marked the end of the Western roman Empire and the Ancient Period of history.

Germanic people
Many of the barbarian invaders of Rome were Germanic tribes that came from Central Europe. Some of these peoples established kingdoms in the old territories of the Western Roman Empire.
Most Germanic people were farmers. Many of them went to live in the countryside, so the population of most cities decreased.
Germanic people had their own culture, but they learned to speak latin and they adipted Roman laws. They also converted to Christianity.

The Visigothic Kingdom of Toledo
The Visigoths were an i9mportant Germanic tribe. They established a kingdom in the Western Roman Empire, with its capital city in Toledo.
In 507 A.D., the Visigoths arrived in Roman Hispania and established a new kingdom. that was the beginning of the Middle Ages in Spain.
Toledo became the capital city of the Visigothic Kingdom. the Visigothic king and bishops had special meetings, called councils, where they decided on the basic laws for the new kingdom. 



UNIT 5: EUROPE AND THE EU


More games:

http://europa.eu/europago/games/memory/memory.jsp?language=en

 http://europa.eu/europago/games/linguago/linguago.jsp?language=es

http://e-ducativa.catedu.es/22001243/aula/archivos/repositorio//1750/1812/UE_paises_y_capitales_3ciclo.swf

CURIOSITIES!!!!
http://europa.eu/kids-corner/countries/flash/index_en.htm

2.3. Characteristics:

- Duties of the members: pay money through taxes.

- Advantages: members can benefit from support from other member countries.

- Objectives:

1) To improve the economic and social development of the member countries.

                        2) To protect the rights of the citizens.

- Motto: “UNITED IN DIVERSITY”

- Currency: EURO

Some countries decided not to change their currency: Denmark, Sweden and United Kingdom.

- Economic Sectors: there are three:

1) Primary Sector: people obtain and process natural products.

2) Secondary Sector: people transform natural products into manufactured products.

3) Tertiary Sector: people provide a service. Most of the population in Europe work in this sector.

- Territory: more than 10.000.000 km2 (“square kilometers”)-

- Population: over 500.000.000 inhabitants.

It has the highest POPULATION DENSITY in the world: 80 people/km2.

- Average life expentancy: about 80 years.

2.4. History:

*It began in 1957, when 6 countries founded the European Economic Community (EEC). They wanted to create a European Economic Market

* Spain joined in 1986.

* In 1992, the EEC became the European Union (EU). This year, the countries made a political union, apart from the economic union.

* Today: there are 28 countries.

2.5. Flag:

* It´s rectangular, it has got twelve golden stars which form a circle on a dark blue background.

* Why 12 stars? Because number 12 represents perfection.

* Why a circle? Because it represents the unity of the people of the member countries.

And now, some games to practise the countries and the capitals in the European Union:

Countries:

http://www.toporopa.eu/en/countries_of_europe.html

http://www.toporopa.eu/en/capitals_of_europe.html

http://www.toporopa.eu/en/european_union_countries.html

http://online.seterra.net/en/ex/140

http://serbal.pntic.mec.es/ealg0027/europ_union3i.html

http://serbal.pntic.mec.es/ealg0027/europ_union2i.html

http://serbal.pntic.mec.es/ealg0027/europ_union1i.html

Capitals:

http://online.seterra.net/en/ex/140 (here you can choose the type of game you want)

http://serbal.pntic.mec.es/ealg0027/europ_union2icap.html

http://serbal.pntic.mec.es/ealg0027/europ_union1i.html

http://serbal.pntic.mec.es/ealg0027/europ_union1icap.html

http://www.sheppardsoftware.com/Europe/Eur_GL_Caps_1024_768.html

2.2. Political map:

 28 countries and capital cities.

	COUNTRY	CAPITAL
1	PORTUGAL	LISBOA (Lisbon)
2	ESPAÑA (Spain)	MADRID
3	FRANCIA (France)	PARÍS
4	LUXEMBURGO (Luxembourg)	LUXEMBURGO (Luxembourg)
5	BÉLGICA (Belgium)	BRUSELAS (Brussels)
6	PAÍSES BAJOS (Netherlands)	ÁMSTERDAM
7	ALEMANIA (Germany)	BERLÍN
8	DINAMARCA (Denmark)	COPENHAGUE (Copenhagen)
9	SUECIA (Sweden)	ESTOCOLMO (Stockholm)
10	FINLANDIA (Finland)	HELSINKI
11	ESTONIA (Estonia)	TALLIN (Tallinn)
12	LETONIA (Latvia)	RIGA
13	LITUANIA (Lithuania)	VILNA (Vilnius)
14	POLONIA (Poland)	VARSOVIA (Warsaw)
15	REPÚBLICA CHECA (Czech Republic)	PRAGA (Prague)
16	AUSTRIA	VIENA (Vienna)
17	ESLOVENIA (Slovenia)	LIUBLIANA (Ljubljana)
18	ITALIA (Italy)	ROMA (Rome)
19	CROACIA (Croatia)	ZAGREB
20	ESLOVAQUIA (Slovakia)	BRATISLAVA
21	HUNGRÍA (Hungary)	BUDAPEST
22	RUMANÍA (Romania)	BUCAREST (Bucharest)
23	BULGARIA	SOFIA
24	GRECIA (Greece)	ATENAS (Athens)
25	CHIPRE (Cyprus)	NICOSIA
26	MALTA	LA VALETA (Valletta)
27	IRLANDA (Ireland)	DUBLÍN
28	REINO UNIDO (United Kingdom)	LONDRES (London)

Activities corrected:

1. What´s the difference between Europe and the European Union?

Europe is a continent of the world and the European Union is an economic and political partnership between 28 countries.

2. How many countries are members of the EU?

28 countries.

3. What is the main duty of a member country of the EU?

To pay money through taxes.

4. What is the main benefit of of being a member of the EU?

Members can benefit from support form other member countries.

5. When did the European Union begin?

It began in 1957.

6. How many countries founded the EU?

   6 countries founded the European Union.

13. Has it always had the name of European Union?

No, it hasn´t. It was founded in 1957 as the “European Economic Community”

14. Why did 6 countries found the EEC?

Because they wanted to create an European Economic market.

15. When did Spain join the EU?

In 1986.

7. When did the EEC become the EU?

In 1992.

8. What happened in year 1992?

The EEC became the EU, so the countries made a political union, apart from an economic union.

9. How many countries are there nowadays?

There are 28 conuntries.

10. Which ones are the 2 main objectives of the European Union?

     - To improve the economic and social development of the member countries.

     - To protect the rights of the citizens.

11. Which is the EU´s motto?

It is: “UNITED IN DIVERSITY”

Here you are some games to practise the physical map:

MOUNTAINS, RIVERS, SEAS GAMES

http://www.agame.com/game/mountains-rivers-and-seas-of-europe

MOUNTAINS

http://serbal.pntic.mec.es/ealg0027/eurorog1e.html

http://www.toporopa.eu/en/mountain_ranges_of_europe.html

http://www.toporopa.eu/es/cadenas_montanosas_de_europa.html

http://www.ilike2learn.com/ilike2learn/europe/europe%20mountains.html

RIVERS

http://www.toporopa.eu/en/rivers_of_europe.html

http://www.toporopa.eu/es/rios_de_europa.html

http://online.seterra.net/en/cm/1002

http://www.toporopa.eu/en/seas_of_europe.html

http://www.toporopa.eu/es/mares_de_europa.html

Physical map:

   * Mountain ranges: PIRINEOS, MACIZO CENTRAL, ALPES, APENINOS, CÁRPATOS, BALCANES, CÁUCASO, MONTES URALES, MONTES ESCANDINAVOS.

   * Rivers: Ebro, Duero, Tajo, Guadiana, Guadalquivir, Loira (Loire), Sena(Seine), Rin (Rhine), Támesis (Thames), Ródano (Rhône), Po, Tíber, Danubio (Danube), Volga.

LONGEST RIVER IN EUROPE: Volga

   * Seas & oceans: OCÉANO ATLÁNTICO, MAR DE NORUEGA, MAR DEL NORTE, MAR BÁLTICO, MAR MEDITERRÁNEO, MAR NEGRO, MAR CASPIO, OCÉANO GLACIAR ÁRTICO.

Norwegian Sea, North Sea, Baltic Sea, Black Sea, Caspian Sea.

LIST OF EUROPEAN COUNTRIES

1.            Albania (Albania)

2.            Andorra (Andorra)

3.            Armenia (Armenia) *

4.            Austria (Austria)

5.            Azerbayan ( Azerbayán) *

6.            Belarus (Bielorrusia)

7.            Belgium (Bélgica)

8.            Bosnia & Herzegovina (Bosnia y Herzegovina)

9.            Bulgaria (Bulgaria)

10.        Croatia (Croacia)

11.        Cyprus (Chipre) *

12.        Czech Republic ( República Checa)

13.        Denmark ( Dinamarca)

14.        Estonia ( Estonia)

15.        Finland (Finlandia)

16.        France ( Francia)

17.        Georgia (Georgia) *

18.        Germany (Alemania)

19.        Greece (Grecia)

20.        Hungary (Hungría)

21.        Iceland (Islandia)

22.        Ireland (Irlanda)

23.        Italy (Italia)

24.        Kazakhstan (Kazajistán) *

25.        Latvia (Letonia)
26.        Liechtenstein (Leichtenstein)

27.        Lithuania (Lituania)

28.        Luxembourg (Luxemburgo)

29.        Macedonia (Macedonia)

30.        Malta (Malta)

31.        Moldova ( Moldavia)

32.        Monaco (Mónaco)

33.        Montenegro (Montenegro)

34.        (The) Nederlands (Países Bajos)

35.        Norway ( Noruega)

36.        Poland (Polonia)

37.        Portugal (Portugal)

38.        Romania (Rumanía)

39.        Russia (Rusia) *

40.        San Marino (San Marino)

41.        Serbia (Serbia)

42.        Slovakia (Eslovaquia/República Eslovaca)

43.        Slovenia (Eslovenia)

44.        Spain (España)

45.        Sweden (Suecia)

46.        Switzerland (Suiza)

47.        Turkey (Turquía) *

48.        Ukraine (Ucrania)

49.        United Kingdom (Reino Unido)

50.        Vatican City (Ciudad del Vaticano)

Locate the countries and colour them in your map.

Now, it's time to play!!!!!!

http://www.sheppardsoftware.com/Europe/Eur_GL_1024_768.html (Tutorial: listen to the names)

 http://www.sheppardsoftware.com/Europe/Eur_G0_1024_768.html

http://www.sheppardsoftware.com/Europe/Eur_G1_1024_768.html

http://www.sheppardsoftware.com/Europe/Eur_G2_1024_768.html

http://www.yourchildlearns.com/mappuzzle/europe-puzzle.html (you can choose the level)

http://lizardpoint.com/geography/europe-quiz.php

UNIT 3: SPANISH LANDSCAPES

The following games will help you to study rivers:

http://www.educaplay.com/es/recursoseducativos/21176/mapa_fisico_de_espana.htm

http://serbal.pntic.mec.es/ealg0027/esparios1eb.html  (EASY) http://serbal.pntic.mec.es/ealg0027/esparios2eb.html

http://serbal.pntic.mec.es/ealg0027/esparios1em.html (INTERMEDIATE)

http://serbal.pntic.mec.es/ealg0027/esparios2em.html

http://serbal.pntic.mec.es/ealg0027/esparios1e.html  (ADVANCED)

http://serbal.pntic.mec.es/ealg0027/esparios2e.html

COASTS REVIEW (SEAS, OCEANS, GULFS AND CAPES:

http://serbal.pntic.mec.es/ealg0027/espacostas1e.html

 


Copy this information on your notebook:

RIVERS: Where are they born? What provinces do they cross? Where do they flow?

	BORN?	PROVINCES?	FLOW?	SPECIAL
Miño	Sierra de Meira- Lugo	Lugo, Orense, frontier Spain-Portugal (end).	La Guardia (Pontevedra).
Duero	Picos de Urbión (Sistema Ibérico) – Soria.	Soria, Burgos, Valladolid, Zamora, Salamanaca.	Oporto (Portugal)	Widest River of the Iberian Peninsula. (Más caudaloso)
Tajo	Sierra de Albarracín (Sistema Ibérico)- Teruel	Teruel, Cuenc, Guadalajara, Madrid, Toledo, Cáceres.	Lisboa (Portugal)	Longest river in the Iberian Peninsula (1008 Km)
Guadiana	Lagunas de Ruidera- Albacete	Albacete, Ciudad Real, Badajoz, Huelva.	Golfo de Cádiz- Between Spain and Portugal.
Guadaquivir	Sierra de Cazorla- Jaén	Jaén, Córdoba, Sevilla.	Sanlúcar de Barrameda- Cádiz
Ebro	Fontibre- Cantabria	Cantabria, Castilla y León, La Rioja, Navarra, País Vasco, Aragón, Cataluña.	Delta del Ebro- Cataluña.	Widest river of Spain. (Más caudaloso) Longest river of Spain.

And now, the map where the gulfs and the capes appear:



There are some games where you can practise. There will appear some that you don't know. Skip them and continue with the ones we have studied.
http://www.educaplay.com/es/recursoseducativos/580090/cabos_y_golfos_de_espana.htm
http://serbal.pntic.mec.es/ealg0027/espacostas1e.html
http://serbal.pntic.mec.es/ealg0027/espacostas2e.html


To continue, you have the physical map with the mountains, the mountain ranges and the peaks.

And now, some games to practise and learn the mountains:
http://serbal.pntic.mec.es/ealg0027/esporog1e.html
http://serbal.pntic.mec.es/ealg0027/esporog2e.html
http://www.educaplay.com/es/recursoseducativos/13151/relieve_de_espana.htm
http://www.educaplay.com/es/recursoseducativos/591098/relieve_de_espana.htm


To begin with, here you have the maps of the Autonomous Communities in Spain and its provinces. Remember to study them and their capitals which you have in your photocopy. I will ask you on Monday.

 

AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITIES

SPANISH PROVINCES

And now some games to practise your knowledge:

AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITIES

http://serbal.pntic.mec.es/ealg0027/espauto1e.html

http://serbal.pntic.mec.es/ealg0027/espauto2e.html

http://serbal.pntic.mec.es/ealg0027/espauto3e.html

CAPITALS

http://serbal.pntic.mec.es/ealg0027/espauto1ecap.html

http://serbal.pntic.mec.es/ealg0027/espauto2ecap.html

http://serbal.pntic.mec.es/ealg0027/esprovin2ecap.html

PROVINCES

http://serbal.pntic.mec.es/ealg0027/esprovin1e.html

http://serbal.pntic.mec.es/ealg0027/esprovin2e.html

http://serbal.pntic.mec.es/ealg0027/esprovin3e.html

http://serbal.pntic.mec.es/ealg0027/esprovin1ecap.html

UNIT 2: ECOSYSTEMS

These are the last questions of the unit to study for the exam:

13. What is a food chain? What is a food web?

14. Name the five levels of a food chain and explain them.

15. Why are we taking today more natural resources?

16. Complete the chart using the cause and the effect of each human on ecosystems:

	CAUSE	EFFECT
DEFORESTATION
ACID RAIN
GREENHOUSE EFFECT

17. How can you help to protect the environment?

18. What are the measures that the Governments can take to protect environment? Name them.

19. Are there any National Parks in your country? Write the names of three.

(Find information in this link: www.magrama.gob.es/es/red-parques-nacionales/nuestros-parques/default.aspx)

Some videos to learn more about biomes, ecosystems and food chains:

Biome song

Ecosystems and biomes

Ecosystems song

Ecosystem and food chain

Food chains and food webs

This weekend you have to answer these questions about the new unit. In addition, you have to continue studying what we have seen so far.

QUESTIONS:
1) How many biomes can we find in the world? Name them.
2) Which animals and plants can you find in these biomes (information on p. 7 of the book)
3) What is a biome?
4) Can an Arctic fox live in the desert? Why?
5) What is an ecosystem?
6) What are the 2 main components of ecosystems?
7) What is the flora?
8) What is the fauna?
9) What is the main difference between a biome and an ecosystem?
10) Are fungi and microorganisms part of the fauna or the flora?
11) What is the environment?
12) What is the difference between population and community?



UNIT 1: THE EARTH AND THE SOLAR SYSTEM

These are the questions corresponding to Unit 1.



Here you have some interesting videos about the unit:

How seasons occur

What is a leap year?

Solar system planets

What is the solar wind?

The moon

First moon landing (1969)

Phases of the moon explanation

Phases of the moon rap 1

Phases of the moon rap 2

Dark side of the moon

The Milky Way

Galaxies collisions

Andromeda vs Milky Way Collision

The largest galaxy in the universe

Comets

Meteors, Asteroids and Comets

Asteroid belt

Constellations

More constellations

Difference between meteors, meteoroids and meteorites

Meteor Shower 2014

Perseid Meteor Shower

Meteor impacts Russia 2013

Crater in Arizona

Science project:
* It is an optional project. It is not compulsory to do it, but it may increase your final mark of the unit.
* The project consists in making a model of the solar system with the materials you feel more helpful or attractive.
* The project must be original and beautiful (no botched jobs if you want to increase your mark).
* The deadline is on Monday, 6th October. No projects will be accepted after that date.